Review רמב״ם הלכות לולב פרק ח הלכה יב-טו Who lists the details discussed in the mishnah. https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14278&st=&pgnum=294 Note the differences between the Rambam and the Mishnah Questions: How could the Rambam say the setting up of the bleachers for women occurred on Erev Sukkos when the mishnah says it was done the night after the first day of Sukkos? Why does the Rambam not specify that the musical instruments were played by the Leviim? Why does the Rambam not list the Chalil as one of the instruments? Why does the Rambam not mention the blasting of the shofar as the water drawer exited the Beis hamikdash? See ערוך לנר who addresses many of the differences. https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14414&st=&pgnum=201 Why does the Rambam conclude with a whole explanation as to what Simcha is?
Learn the גמרא דף נא: from after the Mishnah until the two dots.
The Shulchan Aruch rules if the Pitum falls off the Esrog is pasul. How much of the Pitum needs to fall off to disqualify? Just the crown, part of the דד, the entire דד, part of the wood embedded internally, all the wood embedded internally? Learn משנה ברורה ס”ק ל who brings three opinions and שער הציון אות לג who discusses the sources from the Rishonim and Achronim. See קובץ הלכות לולב פרק לא סעיף ו See ערוך השולחן ס’ תרמ”ח סעיף כד
Does it matter what type of Pitum the Esrog has? Learn כף החיים ס’ תרמ”ח סעיף ז ס”ק מו and הליכות שלמה לולב פרק י סעיף יט and קובץ הלכות לולב פרק לא סעיף ד who disagrees.
Questions: What’s the status of an Esrog if the crown on top of the Pitum falls off? Learn משנה ברורה ס”ק לא and שער הציון אות לו See ערוך השולחן ס’ תרמ”ח סעיף כד
Why doesn’t one need to be concerned with purchasing an Esrog without a Pitum that perhaps it had a Pitum and it fell off? Learn משנה ברורה ס”ק לב and שער הציון אות לז. See קובץ הלכות לולב פרק לא סעיף ב who disagrees.
What if the Pitum falls off while the Esrog is still attached to the tree? See לבוש ס’ תרמ”ח סעיף ז , Sefer הערות על גמרא סוכה דף לה: “נטלה , קובץ הלכות לולב פרק לא סעיף א and הליכות שלמה לולב פרק י סעיף יח who disagrees with the above Poskim.
Point to Consider: Is it preferable to purchase an Esrog with a Pitum? See ביכורי יעקב ס תרמ”ח ס”ק כה Sefer הערות על גמרא סוכה דף לה עמוד ב from Hagaon Rav Elyashiv Zt”l see דרשו משנה ברורה note 61 ,
Learn “גמרא שבת דף כא. “תניא רמי בר חמא (fifth wide line) until “אמר רב הונא” (two dots) which discusses wicks made from wool may not be used on Shabbos nor in the Beis Hamikdash and asks how could they use the worn out belts of the kohanim as wicks for the Simchas Beis Hashoava as they contained wool. https://hebrewbooks.org/shas.aspx?mesechta=2&daf=21&format=pdf See Rashi explanation for the gemara answer How was it permitted to use the worn out clothing of the kohanim as wicks for the Simchas Beis Hashoeiva, it should be prohibited because of מעילה – deriving benefit from הקדש? Learn “תוס’ שבת דף כא. “שמחת בית השואבה
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Sugya: Pitum
Very quickly review the “גמרא דף לה: “נטל פטמתו until “נקלף”
Write a summary of the four opinions we learnt (2 in Rashi & 2 in Tosfos/Rosh) as to what part of the Esrog is the פיטום, the עוקץ and what will disqualify the Esrog if it falls off. List the halachik נפקא מינה of these four opinions.
Questions: The second opinion (ר’ יצחק הלוי) brought in Rashi holds that an Esrog which the woody piece that’s embedded inside the bottom of the Esrog falls out is pasul because it’s considered חסר. The רא”ש ס’ טז explained that the first opinion (ר’ יעקב) brought in Rashi disagrees and holds the Esrog remains Kosher. Why doesn’t ר’ יעקב disqualify this Esrog for the reason of חסר? Learn חידושי הגרי”ז סוכה
The first opinion (ר’ יעקב) brought in Rashi holds if the top protruding piece from the Esrog (what is generally referred to as פיטום) falls off the Esrog is pasul. Why? See the מגן אברהם ס’תרמ”ט ס”ק יז https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14327&st=&pgnum=392
According to the reason of הדר why is an Esrog that grows without a Pitum kosher? Why does the second opinion (ר’ יצחק הלוי) brought in Rashi hold it’s Kosher? Learn ערוך השולחן ס’ תרמ”ח סעיף כ-כא who explains the reasoning of the opinions of ר’ יעקב and ר’ יצחק הלוי and gives a different explanation than the Brisker Rav.
Point to Consider: Is an Esrog that grows without a Pitum kosher? What if the Pitum falls off while the Esrog is still attached to the tree? Is it preferable to purchase an Esrog with a Pitum? See Sefer הערות על גמרא סוכה דף לה עמוד ב from Hagaon Rav Eliyashuv Zt”l Learn רמ”א ס’ תרמ”ט סעיף ה “וחסר כשר ..וניטל פטמתו .. and משנה ברורה ס”ק לו https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=60391&st=&pgnum=246
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Conclusion of Sugya: שיר של שמחת בית השואבה
Learn רש”י דף נ: “דברי הכל שמחה יתירה
And רש”י דף נא. “הכי גרסינן
Question:
What is the reason why playing musical instruments are permitted? Is it because the mitzvah of Simcha for the Nisuch Hamayim is only drabanan or because it’s not part of the Avodah?
Learn חידושי גרי”ז סוכה דף נ (attached in the email (it’s the last page in the Sefer)
Learn the entire Mishnah on bottom of דף נא
Learn תוס’ דף נא. “מבלאי
Learn תוספת יום טוב who asks why didn’t Tosfos also ask from the מצנפת ?
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Quickly review the גמרא דף נא. “מיתיבי (middle of the Amud) until “מאי טעמא” and continue learning the Gemara until the Mishna
See רש”י “הכי גרסינן Questions: How does Rashi understand the opinion of רבי ירמיה בר אבא who says that everyone agrees the musical instruments were played daily at the Nisuch hayayin of the Korban Tamid even on Shabbos and Yom tov. Was this permitted because they hold עיקר שירה בכלי or because of a different reason? What is the reason why playing musical instruments are permitted? Is it because the mitzvah of Simcha for the Nisuch Hamayim is only drabanan or because it’s not part of the Avodah? Learn חידושי גרי”ז סוכה דף נ (attached in the email (it’s the last page in the Sefer)
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Sugya: פיטום
Learn the “גמרא דף לה: “נטל פטמתו until “נקלף”
Points to Clarify: What part of the Esrog is the פיטום? What part of the Esrog is the בוכנא? What part of the Esrog is the עוקץ?
Is רבי יצחק coming to explain what is a פיטום or to add another disqualifying issue? Learn “רש”י “תניא רבי יצחק who presents two explanations for the case of נטלה פטמתו Learn “תוספת “נטלה
Question: What’s a halachik נפקא מינה of these two explanations?
Learn the רא”ש ס’ טז – who brings two additional explanations from the ר”ת and the ר”ח and various נפקא מינה. https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=479&hilite=
Question: Why is the Esrog pasul when the פיטום falls off? Why is the Esrog kosher when the עוקץ falls off? Learn קרבן נתנאל אות ק
Write a summary of the five opinions (2 in Rashi & 2 in Tosfos/Rosh & 1 in the Rif) as to what part of the Esrog is the פיטום, the עוקץ and what will disqualify the Esrog if it falls off. List the halachik נפקא מינה of these opinions.
Question: What is the central point that these opinions are arguing about? Learn חידושי הגרי”ז סוכה
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Review the גמרא דף נא. “ורבי ירמיה בר אבא (one third down the Amud) until “מיתיבי (middle of the Amud) and continue learning the Gemara until “מאי טעמא”
Question: According to רבי ירמיה בר אבא everyone agrees that the musical instruments were played daily at the Nisuch hayayin of the Korban Tamid even on Shabbos and Yom tov. Why was this permitted is it because they hold עיקר שירה בכלי or because of a different reason? Learn שפת אמת דף נא. “אבל בשיר של קרבן https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14522&st=&pgnum=212
Learn תוס’ דף נא. “כתנאי Questions: Tosfos first answer seems to contradict תוסי דף נ: “ורבנן who said the musical instruments were not played during the Simchas Beis Hashoeva due to the numerous instruments which would break frequently and need to be fixed?
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Very quickly review the “גמרא דף נ: “אמר רב פפא” (bottom of the Amud) until דף נא. “ורבי ירמיה בר אבא (one third down the Amud) And continue learning Gemara until “מיתיבי ” (middle of the Amud)
Learn תוס’ דף נא. “כתנאי Clarify the two answers of Tosfos
Questions: This seems to contradict תוסי דף נ: “ורבנן who said the musical instruments were not played during the simchas Beis Hashoeva as due to the numerous instruments many would break frequently and would need to be fixed? See ערוך לנר דף נא. תוס’ תנאי starting with paragraph “אכן” https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14414&st=&pgnum=200
See רש”י “הכי גרסינן Question: What is the reason why playing musical instruments are permitted? Is it because the mitzvah of Simcha for the Nisuch Hamayim is only drabanan or because it’s not part of the avodah? Learn חידושי גרי”ז סוכה דף נ (last piece in the Sefer)
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Learn the “גמרא דף נ: “אמר רב פפא” (bottom of the Amud) until דף מט. “ורבי ירמיה בר אבא (one third down the Amud)
Learn תוס’ דף נא. “כתנאי Clarify the two answers of Tosfos
Question: This seems to contradict תוסי דף נ: “ורבנן who said the musical instruments were not played during the simchas Beis Hashoeva as due to the numerous instruments many would break frequently and would need to be fixed? See ערוך לנר דף נא. תוס’ תנאי starting with paragraph “אכן”
Points to Clarify: What part of the Esrog is the פיטום? What part of the Esrog is the בוכנא? What part of the Esrog is the עוקץ?
Is רבי יצחק coming to explain what is a פיטום or to add another disqualifying issue? Learn “רש”י “תניא רבי יצחק who presents two explanations for the case of נטלה פטמתו Learn “תוספת “נטלה
Question: What’s a halachik נפקא מינה of these two explanations?
Question: Why is the Esrog pasul when the פיטום falls off? Why is the Esrog kosher when the עוקץ falls off? Learn קרבן נתנאל אות ק
What’s the status of the Esrog if the crown on top of the Pitum falls off? See the ריף דף יז: דפי הריף (top line) and the רן “תאני ר’ יצחק (sixth line from bottom of the Amud)
Tosfos דף נ. “שאינו asked – We have a rule אין שבות במקדש and playing musical instruments are only prohibited from a gezira drabanan so why did the rabanan not allow the playing of the instruments for the שמחת בית השואבה on Shabbos or Yom Tov? Tosfos answered because the music played was just because of שמחה יתירה. How does that conform with the reason that Tosfos “דף נ: “ורבנן gives that there were many musical instruments and they were prone to breaking that needed to be constantly fixed?
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Topic: חזזית – Blettil Very quickly review the Gemara from “עלתה חזזית” until נטלה פטמתו
Why does a חזזית disqualify an Esrog? Review רא”ש ס’ טו “מתניתן who explains the ירושלמי (quoted in תוספת “דף לה: “עלתה) https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=479 (Note: The additional condition the רא”ש adds to what is a חזזית when he is quoting Rashi that the חזזית is raised. Is that absolutely necessary to disqualify?)
Questions: Will a Blettil (scab)- on the surface of the Esrog disqualify as a חזזית? Learn תרומת הדשן ס’ צט (in middle of last paragraph – starting from אבל פסול דחזזית) for two explanations why it’s kosher? https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14327&st=&pgnum=388
Question on the מגן אברהם: What’s the whole discussion whether a Blettil will disqualify an Esrog as the Blettil is caused by thorns scratching the Esrog while it’s growing? Learn the ביאור הלכה ס’ תרמ”ח סעיף יג “אבעבעות for an answer.
Tosfos דף נ. “שאינו asked – We have a rule אין שבות במקדש and playing musical instruments are only prohibited from a gezira drabanan so why did the rabanan not allow the playing of the instruments for the שמחת בית השואבה on Shabbos or Yom Tov? Tosfos answered because the music played was just because of שמחה יתירה. How does that conform with the reason that Tosfos “דף נ: “ורבנן gives that there were many musical instruments and they were prone to breaking that needed to be constantly fixed?
See “רש”י סוכה דף נ: “בשיר של קרבן Question: Why does Rashi establish the machlokes whether חליל דוחה שבת only on the 12 special days and not for every Shabbos when the Korban Tamid is brought? Learn מהר”ם for an answer https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=508
Tosfos דף נ. “שאינו asked – We have a rule אין שבות במקדש and playing musical instruments are only prohibited from a gezira drabanan so why did the rabanan not allow the playing of the instruments for the שמחת בית השואבה on Shabbos or Yom Tov? Tosfos answered because the music played was just because of שמחה יתירה. How does that conform with the reason that Tosfos “דף נ: “ורבנן gives that there were many musical instruments and they were prone to breaking that needed to be constantly fixed?
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Topic: חזזית Very quickly review the Gemara from “עלתה חזזית” until נוטלה פטמתו
Is the pasul of חזזית only on the first day or all the days of Sukkos? Review “תוספת “עלתה Learn רא”ש ס’ טו “מתניתן who explains why the ירושלמי holds a חזזית will only disqualify an Esrog on the first day of Sukkos. https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=479
Will multiple חזזית disqualify an Esrog because it is מנומר / spotted if they are the same color of the Esrog? Learn ר”ן דף יז: דפי הריף “אבל בשנים (in middle of the wide lines) who quotes the opinion of the ראב”ד https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=617
Major Question: Why should the color make a difference? Shouldn’t the Esrog be disqualified because of the תזזית itself regardless of the coloring?
Why does a חזזית disqualify an Esrog? Bring a proof from רא”ש ס’ טו “מתניתן who explains the ירושלמי (quoted in תוספת “דף לה: “עלתה) https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=479 (Note: The additional condition the רא”ש adds to what is a חזזית when he is quoting Rash that the חזזית is raised. Is that absolutely necessary to disqualify?)
Does “רש”י דף לג: “מנומר (first line) definitely disagree with the Rosh? Learn the פרי מגדים – אשל אברהם – אורח חיים ס’ תרמ”ח ס”ק י”ט who presents two reasons for the pasul of חזזית
Questions: How does the Rambam differ from Rashi? Why didn’t the Rambam bring the source of the gemara and Rashi of the pasuk ושאבתם מים בששון ? Learn עמק ברכה שמחת בית השואבה ס’ א (first half) for an explanation
See רש”י סוכה דף נ: “בשיר של קרבן Question: Why does Rashi establish the machlokes whether חליל דוחה שבת only on the 12 special days and not for every Shabbos when the Korban Tamid is brought? Learn מהר”ם for an answer https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=508
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MAZEL TOV Upon completing the Fourth Perek. May we merit to complete the rest of the mesachta by the end of the summer.
Learn the משנה דף נ Learn תוס’ “שאינו Learn the גמרא דף נ: “איתמר until “אמר רב יוסף מנא אמינא
How often would the play the חליל in the Beis Hamikdash; Everyday or only twelve specific days? Learn משנה ערכין דף י See רש”י סוכה דף נ: “בשיר של קרבן
Why does Rashi establish the machlokes whether חליל דוחה שבת only on the 12 special days and not for every Shabbos when the Korban Tamid is brought? Learn מהר”ם for an answer
Learn רמב״ם הלכות כלי המקדש פרק ג הלכה יז How does she Rambam differ with Rashi? Learn ערוך לנר סוכה דף נ: “רש”י “בשיר של קרבן
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Conclusion of Sugya: “גמרא דף לה: “ושל דמאי
We discussed the machlokes between Rashi and Tosfos why דמאי is considered יש בה היתר אכילה whether we need the logic of one being able to be מפקיר all his possessions in order to use an Esrog of דמאי. According to “תוספת “דאי – because can feed the דמאי to poor people and soldiers stationed in their town. According to Rashi (based on רש”י דף לד: “האי יש בה) because one has the ability to eat דמאי by making all his possessions ownerless.
Major Question: This seems to be in contradiction to – רש”י דף לד: “בירושלים who says an Esrog of Maaser Sheini outside Yerushalayim is pasul. According to Rashi’s logic it should be kosher as person has the ability to bring the Maasar Sheini to Yerushalayim and eat it there or redeem the Maasar Sheini on to money? Learn “תוספת עיורבין דף ל: “ולפרוש for an answer (starting from ויש לומר – last few lines of Tosfos)
Why is an Esrog which was gifted to an individual with the condition that it must be returned considered to be kosher? It does not have a היתר אכילה since the person if he consumes the esrog is unable to return the esrog in the original condition to the owner? See last few lines of פרי מגדים אורח חיים סימן תרנ”ח אשל אברהם ס”ק יב
Learn the גמרא דף לה: עלתה חזזית” until נוטלה פטמתו
Questions:
Why does a חזזית disqualify an Esrog?
Is the reason to disqualify the Esrog different if the חזזית is on majority of the Esrog, minority but multiple spots, or on the חוטם?
See “רש”י דף לג: “מנומר (first line)
Question:
Is this pasul the first day or all the days of Sukkos?
Learn “תוספת “עלתה
Questions:
Why does the Mishna need to repeat when חזזית is kosher and when it is Pasul. It should be self understood if חזזית on majority of the area of the Esrog disqualifies than on minority of the Esrog is Kosher?
Learn ר”ן דף יז. דפי הריף “עלתה חזזית for an explanation
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Review the גמרא דף נ. “נשפכה או נתגלתה (two dots) until the end of the Perek Learn “רש”י דף מח: “שהיין והמים מגולים (last Rashi on the Mishna) Learn “תוספת דף מח: “שהיין Learn רבינו חננאל on side of גמרא דף נ for a new explanation from the Yerushalmi why מים מגולים is pasul.
Questions: Why did our Gemara not bring the explanation of the Yerushalmi?
Why would filtering the snake venom from the water on Shabbos not be a violation of Borer? Learn שולחן ערוך אורח חיים ס’ שי”ט סע’ י and משנה ברורה ס”ק לד, לה & מא and ביאור הלכה “הואיל as to when filtering water/wine is permitted on Shabbos. According to these guidelines filtering snake venom would definitely be considered Borer!? https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=60388&st=&pgnum=288 See הערות על גמרא מסכת סוכה מהרה”ג ר’ אלישב זצ”ל for an answer
