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Learn the “גמרא דף נ: “אמר רב פפא” (bottom of the Amud) until דף מט. “ורבי ירמיה בר אבא (one third down the Amud)
Learn תוס’ דף נא. “כתנאי Clarify the two answers of Tosfos
Question: This seems to contradict תוסי דף נ: “ורבנן who said the musical instruments were not played during the simchas Beis Hashoeva as due to the numerous instruments many would break frequently and would need to be fixed? See ערוך לנר דף נא. תוס’ תנאי starting with paragraph “אכן”
Points to Clarify: What part of the Esrog is the פיטום? What part of the Esrog is the בוכנא? What part of the Esrog is the עוקץ?
Is רבי יצחק coming to explain what is a פיטום or to add another disqualifying issue? Learn “רש”י “תניא רבי יצחק who presents two explanations for the case of נטלה פטמתו Learn “תוספת “נטלה
Question: What’s a halachik נפקא מינה of these two explanations?
Question: Why is the Esrog pasul when the פיטום falls off? Why is the Esrog kosher when the עוקץ falls off? Learn קרבן נתנאל אות ק
What’s the status of the Esrog if the crown on top of the Pitum falls off? See the ריף דף יז: דפי הריף (top line) and the רן “תאני ר’ יצחק (sixth line from bottom of the Amud)
Tosfos דף נ. “שאינו asked – We have a rule אין שבות במקדש and playing musical instruments are only prohibited from a gezira drabanan so why did the rabanan not allow the playing of the instruments for the שמחת בית השואבה on Shabbos or Yom Tov? Tosfos answered because the music played was just because of שמחה יתירה. How does that conform with the reason that Tosfos “דף נ: “ורבנן gives that there were many musical instruments and they were prone to breaking that needed to be constantly fixed?
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Topic: חזזית – Blettil Very quickly review the Gemara from “עלתה חזזית” until נטלה פטמתו
Why does a חזזית disqualify an Esrog? Review רא”ש ס’ טו “מתניתן who explains the ירושלמי (quoted in תוספת “דף לה: “עלתה) https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=479 (Note: The additional condition the רא”ש adds to what is a חזזית when he is quoting Rashi that the חזזית is raised. Is that absolutely necessary to disqualify?)
Questions: Will a Blettil (scab)- on the surface of the Esrog disqualify as a חזזית? Learn תרומת הדשן ס’ צט (in middle of last paragraph – starting from אבל פסול דחזזית) for two explanations why it’s kosher? https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14327&st=&pgnum=388
Question on the מגן אברהם: What’s the whole discussion whether a Blettil will disqualify an Esrog as the Blettil is caused by thorns scratching the Esrog while it’s growing? Learn the ביאור הלכה ס’ תרמ”ח סעיף יג “אבעבעות for an answer.
Tosfos דף נ. “שאינו asked – We have a rule אין שבות במקדש and playing musical instruments are only prohibited from a gezira drabanan so why did the rabanan not allow the playing of the instruments for the שמחת בית השואבה on Shabbos or Yom Tov? Tosfos answered because the music played was just because of שמחה יתירה. How does that conform with the reason that Tosfos “דף נ: “ורבנן gives that there were many musical instruments and they were prone to breaking that needed to be constantly fixed?
See “רש”י סוכה דף נ: “בשיר של קרבן Question: Why does Rashi establish the machlokes whether חליל דוחה שבת only on the 12 special days and not for every Shabbos when the Korban Tamid is brought? Learn מהר”ם for an answer https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=508
Tosfos דף נ. “שאינו asked – We have a rule אין שבות במקדש and playing musical instruments are only prohibited from a gezira drabanan so why did the rabanan not allow the playing of the instruments for the שמחת בית השואבה on Shabbos or Yom Tov? Tosfos answered because the music played was just because of שמחה יתירה. How does that conform with the reason that Tosfos “דף נ: “ורבנן gives that there were many musical instruments and they were prone to breaking that needed to be constantly fixed?
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Topic: חזזית Very quickly review the Gemara from “עלתה חזזית” until נוטלה פטמתו
Is the pasul of חזזית only on the first day or all the days of Sukkos? Review “תוספת “עלתה Learn רא”ש ס’ טו “מתניתן who explains why the ירושלמי holds a חזזית will only disqualify an Esrog on the first day of Sukkos. https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=479
Will multiple חזזית disqualify an Esrog because it is מנומר / spotted if they are the same color of the Esrog? Learn ר”ן דף יז: דפי הריף “אבל בשנים (in middle of the wide lines) who quotes the opinion of the ראב”ד https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=617
Major Question: Why should the color make a difference? Shouldn’t the Esrog be disqualified because of the תזזית itself regardless of the coloring?
Why does a חזזית disqualify an Esrog? Bring a proof from רא”ש ס’ טו “מתניתן who explains the ירושלמי (quoted in תוספת “דף לה: “עלתה) https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=479 (Note: The additional condition the רא”ש adds to what is a חזזית when he is quoting Rash that the חזזית is raised. Is that absolutely necessary to disqualify?)
Does “רש”י דף לג: “מנומר (first line) definitely disagree with the Rosh? Learn the פרי מגדים – אשל אברהם – אורח חיים ס’ תרמ”ח ס”ק י”ט who presents two reasons for the pasul of חזזית
Questions: How does the Rambam differ from Rashi? Why didn’t the Rambam bring the source of the gemara and Rashi of the pasuk ושאבתם מים בששון ? Learn עמק ברכה שמחת בית השואבה ס’ א (first half) for an explanation
See רש”י סוכה דף נ: “בשיר של קרבן Question: Why does Rashi establish the machlokes whether חליל דוחה שבת only on the 12 special days and not for every Shabbos when the Korban Tamid is brought? Learn מהר”ם for an answer https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=508
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MAZEL TOV Upon completing the Fourth Perek. May we merit to complete the rest of the mesachta by the end of the summer.
Learn the משנה דף נ Learn תוס’ “שאינו Learn the גמרא דף נ: “איתמר until “אמר רב יוסף מנא אמינא
How often would the play the חליל in the Beis Hamikdash; Everyday or only twelve specific days? Learn משנה ערכין דף י See רש”י סוכה דף נ: “בשיר של קרבן
Why does Rashi establish the machlokes whether חליל דוחה שבת only on the 12 special days and not for every Shabbos when the Korban Tamid is brought? Learn מהר”ם for an answer
Learn רמב״ם הלכות כלי המקדש פרק ג הלכה יז How does she Rambam differ with Rashi? Learn ערוך לנר סוכה דף נ: “רש”י “בשיר של קרבן
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Conclusion of Sugya: “גמרא דף לה: “ושל דמאי
We discussed the machlokes between Rashi and Tosfos why דמאי is considered יש בה היתר אכילה whether we need the logic of one being able to be מפקיר all his possessions in order to use an Esrog of דמאי. According to “תוספת “דאי – because can feed the דמאי to poor people and soldiers stationed in their town. According to Rashi (based on רש”י דף לד: “האי יש בה) because one has the ability to eat דמאי by making all his possessions ownerless.
Major Question: This seems to be in contradiction to – רש”י דף לד: “בירושלים who says an Esrog of Maaser Sheini outside Yerushalayim is pasul. According to Rashi’s logic it should be kosher as person has the ability to bring the Maasar Sheini to Yerushalayim and eat it there or redeem the Maasar Sheini on to money? Learn “תוספת עיורבין דף ל: “ולפרוש for an answer (starting from ויש לומר – last few lines of Tosfos)
Why is an Esrog which was gifted to an individual with the condition that it must be returned considered to be kosher? It does not have a היתר אכילה since the person if he consumes the esrog is unable to return the esrog in the original condition to the owner? See last few lines of פרי מגדים אורח חיים סימן תרנ”ח אשל אברהם ס”ק יב
Learn the גמרא דף לה: עלתה חזזית” until נוטלה פטמתו
Questions:
Why does a חזזית disqualify an Esrog?
Is the reason to disqualify the Esrog different if the חזזית is on majority of the Esrog, minority but multiple spots, or on the חוטם?
See “רש”י דף לג: “מנומר (first line)
Question:
Is this pasul the first day or all the days of Sukkos?
Learn “תוספת “עלתה
Questions:
Why does the Mishna need to repeat when חזזית is kosher and when it is Pasul. It should be self understood if חזזית on majority of the area of the Esrog disqualifies than on minority of the Esrog is Kosher?
Learn ר”ן דף יז. דפי הריף “עלתה חזזית for an explanation
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Review the גמרא דף נ. “נשפכה או נתגלתה (two dots) until the end of the Perek Learn “רש”י דף מח: “שהיין והמים מגולים (last Rashi on the Mishna) Learn “תוספת דף מח: “שהיין Learn רבינו חננאל on side of גמרא דף נ for a new explanation from the Yerushalmi why מים מגולים is pasul.
Questions: Why did our Gemara not bring the explanation of the Yerushalmi?
Why would filtering the snake venom from the water on Shabbos not be a violation of Borer? Learn שולחן ערוך אורח חיים ס’ שי”ט סע’ י and משנה ברורה ס”ק לד, לה & מא and ביאור הלכה “הואיל as to when filtering water/wine is permitted on Shabbos. According to these guidelines filtering snake venom would definitely be considered Borer!? https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=60388&st=&pgnum=288 See הערות על גמרא מסכת סוכה מהרה”ג ר’ אלישב זצ”ל for an answer
Learn “תוספת סוכה דף נ. “חזקיה who asks a contradiction in חזקיה and a contradiction in ר’ יוחנן Clarify the explanation Tosfos gives for ר’ יוחנן and the explanation he gives for חזקיה.
Question: Why isn’t the explanation for ר’ יוחנן sufficient to explain the opinion of חזקיה?
Question: Is the explanation of the שיטה מקובצת the same or different than the explanations of Tosfos?
Learn the גמרא דף נ. “נשפכה או נתגלתה (two dots) until the end of the perek Learn “רש”י דף מח: “שהיין והמים מגולים (last Rashi on the Mishna) Learn “תוספת דף מח: “שהיין Learn רבינו חננאל on side of גמרא דף נ for a new explanation from the Yerushalmi why מים מגולים is pasul.
Is an Esrog of תרומה טהורה kosher for a non-kohen? Carefully learn רש”י דף לה: “הרי יש בה היתר אכילה” According to Rashi what is classified as יש בה היתר אכילה? Learn “מאירי לד: “ואם נטל כשר https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=57966&st=&pgnum=91
The rule is in order to be הוכשר לקבל טומאה is that the person wants the moisture on this fruit or vegetable. In our case why do we assume the person wants the Esrog to become wet? Additionally, why would the person want the Esrog to become wet as this would make it able to become tameh and disqualify this Esrog?
Continue learning the גמרא “ושל דמאי until the next set of two dots. Question: Does one actually need to be מפקיר all his possessions in order to use an Esrog of דמאי? Learn “תוספת “דאי Note: How Tosfos explains why an Esrog of דמאי is Kosher. Contrast Tosfos with רש”י דף לה: “הרי יש בה היתר אכילה” And how Rashi explains why an Esrog of תרומה טהורה is kosher for a non-kohen Learn “מאירי לד: “ואם נטל כשר who discusses what is considered יש בה היתר אכילה https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=57966&st=&pgnum=91
Contrast the argument of Tosfos and Rashi to their position regarding an Esrog of Maaser Sheini outside Yerushalayim. – רש”י דף לד: “בירושלים and last few lines of תוספת דף לה. “לפי
Why is an Esrog which was gifted to an individual with the condition that it must be returned kosher as it does not have a היתר אכילה? See last few lines of פרי מגדים אורח חיים סימן תרנ”ח אשל אברהם ס”ק יב https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=41247&st=&pgnum=350
Major Question: There seems to be a direct contradiction in the opinion of חזקיה. Our Gemara says חזקיה holds a כלי שרת is only מקדש מדעת and the Gemara Menachos according to אביי explanation of חזקיה holds a כלי שרת is מקדש even שלא מדעת? See השמטות שיטה מקובצת in back of Gemara Menachos on דף עח for an answer https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14318&st=&pgnum=583
Learn “תוספות סוכה דף נ. “חזקיה Note – the difference between the way the שיטת מקובצת and Tosfos asks on the Gemara Menachos.
Learn the “גמרא דף נ. “נשפכה או נתגלתה (two dots) until the end of the perek Learn “רש”י דף מח: “שהיין והמים מגולים (last Rashi on the Mishna) Learn “תוספות דף מח: “שהיין Learn רבינו חננאל on side of גמרא דף נ for a new explanation from the Yerushalmi why מים מגולים is pasul
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Learn the “גמרא מט: “כמעשהו בחול (two dots on bottom of the Amud) until the two dots on דף נ Clarify the three different explanations of the Gemara as to why specifically they filled on Friday a barrel that was not מקודשת for the water designated for the ניסוך המים of Shabbos
Learn “תוספת דף נ. “ואי from beginning until “וא”ת ” which discusses the requirements for drawing the water for ניסוך המים.
Continue learning Tosfos from “אם כן אכתי תיקשי לן (second to last line of Tosfos) who says that a כלי שרת is only מקדש inside the Beis Hamikdash. Why didn’t they fill up a מקודשת barrel and leave it outside the beis hamikdash until shabbos morning so there would be no disqualification of לינה? See the two answers of Tosfos
Major Question: There seems to be a direct contradiction in the opinion of חזקיה. Our Gemara says חזקיה holds a כלי שרת is only מקדש מדעת and the Gemara Menachos according to אביי explanation of חזקיה holds a כלי שרת is מקדש even שלא מדעת? See השמטות שיטה מקובצת in back of Gemara Menachos on דף עח for an answer https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14318&st=&pgnum=583
Learn תוספת סוכה דף נ. “חזקיה Note – the difference between the way the שיטת מקובצת and Tosfos asks on the Gemara Menachos.
Learn the גמרא מט: “כמעשהו בחול (two dots on bottom of the Amud) until the two dots on דף נ Clarify the three different explanations of the Gemara as to why specifically a barrel that was not מקודשת was used
Learn “תוספת דף נ. “ואי from beginning until “וא”ת ” discusses the requirements for drawing the water for ניסוך המים. Tosfos proves that a כלי שרת is only מקדש inside the Beis Hamikdash Why didn’t they fill up a מקודשת barrel and leave it outside the beis hamikdash until shabbos morning so there would be no disqualification of לינה? Continue learning Tosfos from “אם כן אכתי תיקשי לן (second to last line of Tosfos) for two answers.
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Learn the גמרא דף מט: “א”ר אלעזר כל העושה צדקה המשפט until the two dots
Questions: Why is performing צדקה ומשפט considered as if he filled the entire world with חסד? Where in the words תורת חסד does it imply to specifically תורה לשמה?
Learn the גמרא מט: “כמעשהו בחול (two dots on bottom of the Amud) until the two dots on דף נ
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Quickly review the Gemara דף מא עמוד ב starting from the two dots on the last line of the Amud until ” דף מב. “והא רבא (fourth line)
Major Question: See Chidushei Rebbe Akiva Eiger who asks; The melacha of carrying on Shabbos needs three components – Akira, Hotzoa Mreshus lreshus, and Hanacha. At the moment of the Akira the person had not yet performed the mitzvah of daled minim so that segment even if he fulfilled the mitzvah before carrying them out of the house the person should still be exempt from the korban as the he was involved in the mitzvah at the time of the akira?
Learn the רש”ש דף מב (first half – until the brackets) who answers Rebbe Akiva Eiger question with a major chidush as to the minimum act required to fulfill the mitzvah of Daled Minim. https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=514
Question: What’s the minimum action necessary to fulfill the Mitzvah of Daled Minim? See פרי מגדים אשל אברהם סוף ס’ תרנג https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=41247&st=&pgnum=348 The רמב״ם הלכות לולב פרק ז הלכה ו https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=58958&st=&pgnum=283 And טור ס’ תרנ”א סעיף ה דיוק בלשון הרמבם https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14268&st=&pgnum=584
A bracha for a mitzvah should be recited immediately prior to performing the mitzvah What is the proper time to make the bracha on the Daled Minim? Learn תוספת דף לט.”עובר who presents three options when to recite the bracha on the Daled Minim עובר לעשייתן And רא”ש ס’ לג https://hebrewbooks.org/shas.aspx?mesechta=7&daf=39&format=pdf
Halachik Conclusion: What do we conclude L’Halacha as to when is the proper time to recite the bracha on the Daled Minim עובר לעשייתן? Learn שולחן ערוך אורח חיים ס’ תרנ”א סעיף ה which presents two options. https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14327&st=&pgnum=395 See the מגן אברהם ס”ק יב for a new option not mentioned in Tosfos https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14327&st=&pgnum=396 See ב’ הגר”א who says the two options mentioned in the Shulchan Aruch are not necessary. https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14327&st=&pgnum=396 Questions: What is the basis of the Gra? See גמרא פסחים דף ז עמוד ב “מיתיבי העושה לולב (ten lines from the top of the Amud) until והלכתא https://hebrewbooks.org/shas.aspx?mesechta=4&daf=7b&format=pdf
Why does the Shulchan Aruch omit the option of negative intent (the third option that Tosfos presented)? See the משנה ברורה and שער הציון https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=60391&st=&pgnum=251
Question: If person forgot to make a bracha on a mitzvah can he make the bracha afterwards? Learn רמב״ם הלכות ברכות פרק יא הלכה ה-ז https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=58957&st=&pgnum=302 And הגהות אשרי ברכות פרק א ס’ יד https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14308&st=&pgnum=145 And רמ”א יורה דעה יט,א with the שך https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=9145&st=&pgnum=57
Learn the Mishna דף מב Questions: What is the reason one may not add water to the Daled Minim in new water on Shabbos? What is the reason one may not replace the water on YomTov?
May one place flowers in water on Shabbos? Learn שולחן ערוך אורח חיים ס’ שלו סעיף יא and תרנ”ד with the Mishna Berura and שער הציון
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Learn גמרא דף לא: “נקטם ראשו (two dots – second to last line on the Amud) until ר’ יהודה אומר (the two dots in middle of the Amud)
Questions: What’s the difference between נסדק & נחלקה? Why should נחלקה התיומת (split) be similar to ניטלה התיומת (removed)?
Sugya: נקטם ראשו What is considered ראשו for the disqualification of נקטם ראשו? Learn תוס’ דף כט: “נקטם which asks question on ריב”ל what is the chidush that ניטלה התיומת is pasul when נקטם ראשו even if a little bit of chopped off is pasul? And gives three answers. Clarify the two definitions of of נקטם ראשו of Tosfos.
Learn ראש ס’ ב which quotes the ראבד who has a third definition of נקטם ראשו See the טור ס’ תרמ”ה סעיף ו who quote three opinions. Question: How much has to be chopped off to disqualify the Lulav? Learn the ר”ן דף יד. דפי הריף “נקטם ראשו – starting from the words ולפיכך יש להחמיר (four lines from the bottom of the page)
Tosfos says נקטם ראשו is the two middle leaves. The ran says it’s the middle leaf. Does Tosfos and the Ran agree? See last paragraph of בית יוסף ס’ תרמ”ה סעיף ו “ודע שהר”ן – and ביאור הלכה סימן תרמה,ו “רוב העלין
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Learn the Gemara דף מא עמוד ב starting from the two dots on the last line of the Amud until the Mishna on דף מב
Question: When is the proper time to make the bracha on the Daled Minim? Learn רא”ש ס’ לג which is similar to תוספת דף לט “עובר (towards the end of Tosfos) who learns from our gemara that one can make a bracha on the Daled Minim as long as it was still in ones hands. https://hebrewbooks.org/shas.aspx?mesechta=7&daf=39&format=pdf
