Review the גמרא דף מב. “קטן היודע לנענע (two dots) until “היודע לשמור גופו
Question:
At what age should a child wear tefillin and recite Krias Shema?
Learn משנה ברכות דף כ
With רש”י גמרא ברכות דף כ. “קטנים
https://hebrewbooks.org/shas.aspx?mesechta=1&daf=20&format=pdf
Rashi explains the Mishnah in Brachos that all minors are exempt from Tefillin and Krias Shema.
Major Question on Rashi:
The Mishna in Brachos is a major contradiction to our Braissa that clearly says that a minor is obligated in tefillin and Krias Shema?
Learn תוספות ברכות דף כ. “וקטנים who asks this question and offers a different explanation of the Mishnah in Brachos
https://hebrewbooks.org/shas.aspx?mesechta=1&daf=20&format=pdf
How can we answer the question on Rashi?
Learn רבינו יונה on the Mishna Brachos?
https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14308&st=&pgnum=488
Learn רמב״ם הלכות תלמוד תורה פרק א הלכה ו
https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=58957&st=&pgnum=52
And שולחן ערוך יורה דעה ס’ רמ”ה סעיף ה
https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=9732&st=&pgnum=404
Why is the prevalent practice that children do not wear tefillin until shortly before their bar mitzvah?
Learn שולחן ערוך אורח חיים ס” ל”ז סעיף ג With the משנה ברורה and ביאור הלכה “וי”א
https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=60386&st=&pgnum=136
Learn גמרא דף מב. “היודע לשמור גופו (six lines from bottom of the Amud) until דף מב: “יכול לאכול כזית (second line)
Age for קטן to be נושא כפיו:
Learn תוספת “היודע
Who asks on Rashi how could the braissa be referring to a bar mitzvah boy of the braissa is dealing with קטנים- minors?
Learn משנה גמרא מגילה דף כד. “… ואינו נושא את כפיו
with “רש”י “ואינו
and “תוספת “ואין
https://hebrewbooks.org/shas.aspx?mesechta=11&daf=24&format=pdf
Question:
How can we answer Tosfos’ question on Rashi?
Halacha:
What do we conclude lhalacha as to the minimum age for a kohen to דוכן?
Learn שולחן ערוך אורח חיים ס’ קכ”ח סעיף לד with the משנה ברורה and ביאור הלכה
https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=60387&st=&pgnum=19
Quickly review גמרא דף מב: “היודע לשחוט (top of the Amud) until דף מב: “יכול לאכול כזית צלי (eighth line from top of the Amud)
Relying on קטנים for Shechita:
Learn “תוספות “והיודע
Questions:
When can one rely on a קטן to perform Shechita on an animal?
Can a קטן be a Shochet?
The ר”ן asks a contradiction to our Gemara from the Mishna חולין דף ב and גמרא חולין דף מב עמוד ב which says that one may not give animals to a child to slaughter and only in the event that he did slaughter correctly as an adult was supervising may it be eaten?
The Ran reconciles the contradiction and explains that the Gemara in Chulin is dealing with a child who is unskilled at slaughtering therefore he may not be given animals to slaughter lest an error will result however our Gemara is dealing with a trained skilled minor and he may be given animals to slaughter as long as there is an adult supervising.
https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14319&st=&pgnum=623
Learn תוספות חולין דף ב. “שמא which brings the opinion of ר”ת who argues on Rashi in Chulin and explained the Gemara in Chulin that one may not give a child an animal to slaughter when there is no adult supervision.
https://hebrewbooks.org/shas.aspx?mesechta=31&daf=2&format=pdf
According to ר”ת how do we reconcile the contradiction from the Gemara in Chulin to our Gemara?
See the טור יורה דעה ס’ א סעיף ה and the ב”ח “וקטן.
https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14267&st=&pgnum=11
Learn the שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן א סעיף ה with the ט”ז ס”ק יד and ש”ך ס”ק כה & כ”ו
https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=9145&st=&pgnum=18
Continue learning the Gemara until the end of the Perek.
Distancing oneself from צואת קטן:
Questions:
At what stage does the צואת קטן have the status of צואה; when the infants that age start to eat foods from the five grains or when this child personally starts to eat them?
If a child started to eat food from the five grains but them stopped for a long period of time would his צואה lose the status of צואה?
Learn טור אורח חיים ס’ פ”א סעיף א with the בית יוסף and the ב”ח
https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14265&st=&pgnum=146
Learn the שולחן ערוך on this with the מגן אברהם
https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14326&st=&pgnum=129
and the conclusion of the משנה ברורה
https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=60386&st=&pgnum=234